影像所见
CT
- 右侧小脑半球上部边界不清的高密度肿块
- 周围脑实质水肿
- 对应的占位效应,第四脑室受压,小脑扁桃体下疝至枕骨大孔下方13 mm
- 可能伴有轻度梗阻性脑积水
MRI
- 右侧小脑半球上部及小脑蚓部上部边界不清的T2/FLAIR高信号肿块,大小约4.3 x 2.2 x 4.2 cm
- 结节状内部弥散受限区域及对应的斑片状强化
- 右侧小脑半球前部一个结节区周围磁敏感伪影,可能与出血有关
- 邻近小脑幕叶增厚并强化
- 右侧枕叶沟回内FLAIR信号增高及可能的邻近皮层FLAIR信号增高,无明确对应弥散受限或强化(可能代表软脑膜播散)
- 大脑半球间裂沿线的小灶弥散受限,无明确对应强化(也可能为软脑膜肿瘤沉积)
- 后颅窝相关占位效应导致小脑扁桃体疝和第四脑室受压,伴轻度梗阻性脑积水
带注释的图像和插图
T2/FLAIR hyperintense mass in the superior aspect of the right cerebellar hemisphere and vermis (red arrows).
Mild corresponding patchy enhancement (red arrow).
Internal nodular areas of restricted diffusion (red arrows).
Nodular focus of restricted diffusion along the interhemispheric fissure (red arrows), which is concerning for a leptomeningeal tumor deposit.
FLAIR signal hyperintensity in a right occipital sulcus (red arrow), which may also relate to leptomeningeal tumor dissemination.
诊断
髓母细胞瘤 - 最可能为SHH激活型(TP53野生型)或第4组
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要点
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